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Introduction
The 35 IFRS-converged Indian Accounting Standards (Ind ASs) hosted on Ministry of
Corporate Affairs' (MCA's) website contain certain carve-outs. However, the date of
notification of the Ind AS was not announced due to certain issues including tax issues.
Shri Arun Jaitley, Hon'able Finance Minister, Government of India, in his Union Budget
Speech 2014-15, proposed to implement Ind ASs from the financial year beginning on or
after April 01, 2015, on optional basis and from April 01, 2016, onwards on mandatory basis.
Accordingly, the Accounting Standards Board, at its 209th meeting, decided to reconsider the
carve-outs and certain other issues for further possible carve-outs/ins in Ind AS.
This Exposure Draft sets out amendments to Indian Accounting Standards (Ind ASs) as
decided by the Accounting Standards Board at its 209th meeting to finalise the Indian
Accounting Standards.
Standards addressed
The following table shows the topics addressed by these amendments.
Standard Subject of amendment
Ind AS 1 Presentation of Financial Current liabilities
Statements
Ind AS 17 Leases Straight lining of operating lease rentals
Ind AS 24 Related Party Disclosures Definition of close members of the family a
person
Ind AS 28 Investments in Associates · Application of Equity Method Procedures
· Exemption from applying the equity method
Ind AS 102 Share Based Payment Guidance for share-based payment plan
administered through a trust
Ind AS 103 Business Combinations Business combinations under common control
Exposure Draft
Amendments to Indian Accounting Standards:
Consideration of Carve outs/ins
Following is the Exposure Draft of the Amendments to the following Indian Accounting
Standards (Ind AS) issued by the Accounting Standards Board of the Institute of Chartered
Accountants of India, for comments:
i) Ind AS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements
ii) Ind AS 17 Leases
iii) Ind AS 24 Related Party Disclosures
iv) Ind AS 28 Investments in Associates
v) Ind AS 102 Share Based Payment
vi) Ind AS 103 Business Combinations
The Board invites comments on any aspect of this Exposure Draft. Comments are most
helpful if they indicate the specific paragraph or group of paragraphs to which they relate,
contain a clear rationale and, where applicable, provide a suggestion for alternative
wording.
Comments should be submitted in writing to the Secretary, Accounting Standards Board. The
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, ICAI Bhawan, Post Box No. 7100, Indraprastha
Marg, New Delhi 110 002, so as to be received not later than October 15, 2014, 2014.
Comments can also be sent by e-mail at commentsasb@icai.in.
(This Exposure Draft of the Indian Accounting Standard includes paragraphs set in bold type
and plain type, which have equal authority. Paragraphs in bold type indicate the main
principles. This Exposure Draft of the Indian Accounting Standard should be read in the
context of its objective and the Preface to the Statements of Accounting Standards1)
Amendments to
Ind AS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements
Paragraph 74 is amended. New text is underlined and the deleted text is struck through.
Further clarifications on this amendment may be sought by e-mail to shilpi.hisaria@icai.in .
74 When an entity breaches a provision of a long-term loan arrangement on or before the
end of the reporting period with the effect that the liability becomes payable on demand,
it classifies the liability as current, even if the lender agreed, after the reporting period
and before the approval of the financial statements for issue, not to demand payment as
a consequence of the breach. , unless it is a minor breach of the nature that does not
result in payment on demand based on the past experience of the entity. This exception
1
Attention is specifically drawn to paragraph 4.3 of the Preface, according to which accounting
standards are intended to apply only to items which are material.
shall not be applied by analogy to events, conditions and transactions other than loan
contracts that have specified schedule of payment of interest and principal measured at
amortised cost in accordance with Ind AS 109, "Financial Instruments". An entity
classifies the liability as current because, at the end of the reporting period, it does not
have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for at least twelve months after that
date.
Appendix 1
Comparison with IAS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements
.....
9 Paragraph 74 has been modified to provide that a default in compliance with minor
procedural loan covenants to which lenders do not exercise their rights to recall the loan,
as a practical expedient, would not result in classifying the liability as current liability.
Question
The amendment is proposed keeping in view the existing practice in India. Therefore, no
separate disclosure requirement for the same has been provided. However, as this is a
departure from IAS 1, if disclosure requirements are given, users will be in a position to
reconcile the financial statements based on Indian Accounting Standards and the
financial statements based on International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).
Should there be separate disclosure in the notes to accounts where the exception to the
definition of current liability in case of loan contracts with specified schedule of payment
of principal and interest as proposed in paragraph 74 above applies? Why or Why not?
Reason for Amendments
It has been observed that, in India, generally the banks do not demand repayment of loans
on minor breach of certain terms and conditions, which are included in the loan
agreements more as a matter of caution. Therefore, in such situations, the entities
generally continue to repay the loan as per its original terms and conditions. Considering
that the practical implications of such a breach are negligible in the Indian scenario, in
`substance' the loan is not recallable on a minor default, even though in terms of legal
`form' the loan may be recallable. It is, therefore, felt that it would be appropriate that
such a loan should continue to be classified as non-current. Accordingly, paragraph 74 of
Ind AS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements corresponding to IAS 1 has been
modified to provide that a minor default in compliance with loan covenants to which
lenders do not exercise their rights to recall the loan, as a practical expedient, would not
result in classifying the liability as current liability. It may be noted that similar guidance
is provided in the Guidance Note on Schedule VI issued by the ICAI.
Amendments to
Ind AS 17, Leases
Paragraphs 33and 50 are amended. New text is underlined and the deleted text is struck
through. Further clarifications on this amendment may be sought by e-mail to
shilpi.hisaria@icai.in .
33 Lease payments under an operating lease shall be recognised as an expense on a straight-
line basis over the lease term unless either
(a) another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern of the user's
benefit even if the payments are not on that basis, or
(b) the payments to the lessor are structured to increase in line with expected general
inflation to compensate for the lessor's expected inflationary cost increases. If
payments to the lessor vary because of factors other than general inflation, then this
condition is not met.
50 Lease income from operating leases (excluding amounts for services such as insurance
and maintenance) shall be recognised in income on a straight-line basis over the lease
term, unless either
(a) another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which use
benefit derived from the leased asset is diminished, even if the receipt of payments
is not on that basis, or
(b) the payments to the lessor are structured to increase in line with expected general
inflation to compensate for the lessor's expected inflationary cost increases. If
payments to the lessor vary according to factors other than inflation, then this
condition is not met."
Appendix 1
Comparison with IAS 17 Leases, SIC 15 Operating Leases--Incentives, SIC 27 Evaluating
the Substance of Transactions Involving the Legal Form of a Lease, and IFRIC 4
Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease
1 ....
2 Paragraphs 33 and 50 have been modified to provide that where the escalation of lease
rentals is in line with the expected general inflation so as to compensate the lessor for
expected inflationary cost increases shall not be straight lined
23 ....
34 ....
Question:
IFRS for SMEs requires that the expected general inflation should be based on published
indices or statistics. This requirement is not added in the proposed amendment to Ind AS 17.
Do you agree? Why or Why not?
Reason for Amendments
Keeping in view the Indian inflationary situation, a departure from IAS 17 is proposed to the
extent that the straight lining of lease rental may not be required in case the periodic rent
escalation which is due to inflation, although straight lining is required in cases where rental
payments are structured for other than inflation. Accordingly, Paragraphs 33 and 50 of Ind
AS 17, Leases, corresponding to IAS 17, Leases, have been modified to provide that where
the escalation of lease rentals is in line with the expected inflation so as to compensate the
lessor for expected inflationary cost increases shall not be straight lined. IFRS for SMEs
requires similar accounting treatment in such situations.
Amendment to
Ind AS 24 Related Party Disclosures
Definition given under paragraph 9 is amended. New text is underlined and deleted text is
struck through. Further clarifications on this amendment may be sought by e-mail to
achin.poddar@icai.in .
Definitions
....
Close members of the family of a person are the persons specified within meaning of
`relative' under the Companies Act 1956 and that person's domestic partner,
children of that person's domestic partner and dependants of that person's domestic
partner. those family members who may be expected to influence, or be influenced
by, that person in their dealings with the entity and include:
(a) that person's children and spouse or domestic partner;
(b) children of that person's spouse or domestic partner; and
(c) dependants of that person or that person's spouse or domestic partner.
Appendix 1
Note: This appendix is not a part of the Indian Accounting Standard. The purpose of this Appendix
is only to bring out the differences, if any, between Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 24 and the
corresponding International Accounting Standard (IAS) 24, Related Party Disclosures
Comparison with IAS 24, Related Party Disclosures
2. In the Ind AS 24, relatives as specified under the meaning of relative under the
Companies Act, 1956 are included in the definition of the `close members of the
family of a person
3.2.Paragraph 24A has been included in the Ind AS 24. It provides additional clarificatory
guidance regarding aggregation of transactions for disclosure.
4.3.Different terminology is used in this standard, e.g., the term `balance sheet' is used
instead of `Statement of financial position'.
Reasons for Amendments
The Accounting Standards Board considered the carve-out and noted that the definition of
`close members of the family of a person' as defined in IAS 24, Related Party Disclosures, is
a principle-based definition as compared to `relatives' as defined in the Companies Act, 1956
(now Companies Act, 2013). The Board is of the view that the definition of `close members
of the family of a person' as given in IAS 24 would also cover relatives in case they influence
or be influenced by the person. This definition may also cover other relatives that are not
covered by the definition of `relative' as per the Companies Act, 1956, in case a person can
influence or be influenced by that other relative.
The Board is also of the view that the objective of the definitions under the Companies Act,
1956 (now Companies Act, 2013), is primarily regulatory in nature to ensure governance,
whereas the objective of accounting standards is to make the financial statements present a
true and fair view of the financial position, financial performance and cash flows of the entity
to the users so as to enable them in making proper economic decisions.
Accordingly, the Board is of the view that the definition of `close members of the family of a
person' given in Ind AS 24 needs to be modified in line with that in IAS 24 and reference to
the Companies Act, 1956 should be removed.
Amendment to
Ind AS 28 Investment in Associates
Paragraphs 18, 19, 34 and 35 are amended. New text is underlined and the deleted text is
struck through. Further clarifications on this amendment may be sought by e-mail to
shilpi.hisaria@icai.in .
Exemptions from applying the equity method
....
18 When an investment in an associate or a joint venture is held by, or is held indirectly
through, an entity that is a venture capital organisation, or a mutual fund, unit trust
and similar entities including investment-linked insurance funds, the entity may elect
to measure investments in those associates and joint ventures at fair value through
profit or loss in accordance with Ind AS 39109.
19 When an entity has an investment in an associate, a portion of which is held indirectly
through a venture capital organisation, or a mutual fund, unit trust and similar entities
including investment-linked insurance funds, the entity may elect to measure that
portion of the investment in the associate at fair value through profit or loss in
accordance with Ind AS 39 109 regardless of whether the venture capital organisation
has significant influence over that portion of the investment. If the entity makes that
election, the entity shall apply the equity method to any remaining portion of its
investment in an associate that is not held through a venture capital organisation.
Equity method Procedures
.....
34 When, in accordance with paragraph 33, the financial statements of an associate
or a joint venture used in applying the equity method are prepared as of a date
different from that used by the entity, adjustments shall be made for the effects
of significant transactions or events that occur between that date and the date of
the entity's financial statements. In any case, the difference between the end of
the reporting period of the associate or joint venture and that of the entity shall
be no more than three months unless, in case of an associate, it is impracticable
to do so. The length of the reporting periods and any difference between the ends
of the reporting periods shall be the same from period to period.
35 The entity's financial statements shall be prepared using uniform accounting
policies for like transactions and events in similar circumstances. unless, in case
of an associate, it is impracticable to do so.
.....
Appendix 1
Comparison with IAS 28 (as amended in 2011), Investments in Associates
and Joint Ventures
.....
2. References to mutual funds, unit trusts and similar entities including investment linked
insurance funds, has been deleted in paragraphs 18 and 19 of Ind AS 28 (as amended) as the
Companies Act, 1956, is not applicable to mutual funds, unit trusts and similar entities
including investment linked insurance funds and, thus, this standard would not be applicable
to such entities.
3. Where the financial statements of an associate used in applying equity method are prepared as
of a date different from that of the investor, IAS 28 (as amended in 2011) requires that this
difference should not be more than three months. However, paragraph 25 of Ind AS 28 (as
amended) provides that this difference should not be more than three months, unless, in case
of an associate, it is impracticable. Similarly, paragraph 35 of Ind AS 28 (as amended)
requires use of uniform accounting policies, unless, in case of an associate, it is impracticable,
which IAS 28 (as amended in 2011) does not provide. These changes have been made
because the investor does not have `control' over the associate, it may not be able to influence
the associate to prepare additional financial statements or to follow the accounting policies
that are followed by the investor.
42. Paragraph 32 (b) has been modified on the lines of Ind AS 103, Business
Combinations, to transfer excess of the investor's share of the net fair value of the
investee's identifiable assets and liabilities over the cost of investment in capital
reserve whereas in IAS 28 (as amended in 2011), it is recognised in profit or loss.
53. Different terminology is used, as used in existing laws e.g., the term `balance sheet' is
used instead of `Statement of financial position'.
Reasons for Amendments
Exemptions from applying the equity method
Earlier in paragraphs 18 and 19 of Ind AS 28 corresponding to IAS 28, Investment in
Associates, references to mutual funds, unit trusts and similar entities including
investment linked insurance funds, were deleted as the Companies Act, 1956 (now
Companies Act, 2013), is not applicable to mutual funds, unit trusts and similar entities
including investment linked insurance funds and, thus, this standard would not be
applicable to such entities.
The Accounting Standards Board considered the carve-out and felt that by such deletion,
an issue may arise that whether such deletion of reference would mean that the Standard
would be applicable to such entities in absence of the specific exemptions from applying
the equity method. So, to avoid such interpretations, the reference has been retained in the
above mentioned paragraphs of Ind AS 28
Equity method Procedures
The Accounting Standards Board considered the carve-out and noted that in case of
impracticability to obtain financial statements prepared in accordance with the uniform
accounting policies of the investor and as on the date on which the financial statements of
the investor are drawn (except the time gap permitted by the standard), it may be
considered that the investor may not have significant influence over the investee. In other
words, in such a case, it may be difficult to establish that the investor is having significant
influence over the investee and, therefore, investee may not be regarded as an associate of
the investor.
Accordingly, the Board is of the view that term `unless impracticable' should be deleted.
Amendment to
Ind AS 102, Share Based Payment
A new heading after paragraph 43D has been added and paragraph 43E, 43F, 43G and 43H
have been added. New text is underlined and deleted text is struck through. Further
clarifications on this amendment may be sought by e-mail to achin.poddar@icai.in .
Share-based payment plan administered through a trust
43E An entity may administer a share-based payment plan through a trust constituted for
this purpose. The trust may have different kinds of arrangements, for example, the
following:
(a) The entity allots shares to the trust as and when the stock options are exercised.
(b) The entity provides finance to the trust for subscription to the shares issued by the
entity at the beginning of the plan.
(c) The entity provides finance to the trust to purchase shares from the market at the
beginning of the plan.
43F Since the trust administers the plan on behalf of the entity, it is an extension of the
entity as a branch/agent. The financial statements of the entity shall be prepared as if
the entity itself is administering the plan.
43G The transactions of the trust shall be included in the separate financial statements of
the entity as if all the transactions of the trust are those of the entity. The transactions
between the trust and third parties shall be reflected in those financial statements as if
these had been carried out by the entity itself. Loan, if any, given by the entity to trust
will not appear in the entity's separate financial statements. Any profit made by the
trust on market operations shall be recognised in equity of the entity.
43H The shares held by the trust shall be reflected in the separate financial statements of
the entity. The face value of these shares shall be shown as a deduction from share
capital and the excess paid over and above the face value shall be shown as deduction
from securities premium with a detailed note explaining the facts. In the books of
account, these shares will continue to remain recorded in a separate account and only
for presentation purposes be shown as deduction from share capital/securities
premium.
Appendix 1
....
5. Paragraphs 43E and 43F have been added to provide guidance on accounting of share-based
payments administered through a trust.
Reason for Amendments
The Accounting Standards Board considered the issue and noted that in India, in many cases,
the employee share-based payments are administered by an entity through creation of a
separate trust. Further, the Board also noted that in Ind AS 102, Share-based Payment
corresponding to IFRS 2, Share-based Payment, no guidance is provided with regard to
accounting for share-based payments administered through a trust.
Accordingly, the Accounting Standards Board, keeping in view the Indian scenario, decided
that guidance on accounting for share-based payments administered through a trust should be
included in Ind AS 102, Share-based Payment. The Board believes that this does not result in
any carve-in as the accounting guidance provided is similar to that in respect of other
employee benefits managed by trusts of entities under other Ind AS, viz., Ind AS 19,
Employee Benefits.
Amendment to
Ind AS 103 Business Combinations
Paragraph 12 to Appendix C, Business combinations of entities under common control has
been modified. New text is underlined and deleted text is struck through. Further
clarifications on this amendment may be sought by e-mail to achin.poddar@icai.in .
Method of accounting for common control business combinations
....
12. The identity of the reserves shall be preserved and shall appear in the financial
statements of the transferee in the same form in which they appeared in the financial
statements of the transferor. Thus, for example, the General Reserve of the transferor
entity becomes the General Reserve of the transferee, the Capital Reserve of the
transferor becomes the Capital Reserve of the transferee and the Revaluation Reserve
of the transferor becomes the Revaluation Reserve of the transferee. As a result of
preserving the identity, reserves which are available for distribution as dividend
before the business combination would also be available for distribution as dividend
after the business combination. The excess difference, if any, between the amount
recorded as share capital issued plus any additional consideration in the form of cash
or other assets and the amount of share capital of the transferor is recognised as
goodwill shall be transferred to a separate component of equity called ` Common
Control Transaction Capital Reserve' in the financial statements of the transferee
entity. in the financial statements of the transferee entity; in case of any deficiency,
the same shall be treated as Capital Reserve.
....
Reason for Amendments
The Accounting Standards Board considered the carve-in. The Board noted that as against
Ind AS 103, Business Combinations, which requires accounting for business combinations as
per the purchase method, business combinations under common control as per Appendix C to
Ind AS 103, are accounted for as per the pooling of interests method. Since goodwill or
capital reserve is recognised only in case of business combinations under purchase method,
any excess of consideration over the value of assets acquired in a business combination under
common control is self-generated goodwill.
Accordingly, the Accounting Standards Board is of the view that any difference between the
consideration paid and share capital of the transferor shall be transferred to separate
component of equity called `Common Control Transaction Capital Reserve' instead of
recognising goodwill/capital reserve consistent with the pooling of interests method.
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